1.现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象
2.保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性
3.作为一个大学生应该怎样做
Nowadays it is a very common phenomenon that some university students are late for or even absent from classes. And still there are some students who slip out of the classroom before the class is over. Class attendance has become a thorny problem to both the students and teachers.
In fact, it is very important for the students to attend their classes regularly. First, it will ensure you to catch up with the teachers in your learning. That is very helpful to you if you want to do a good job in your study. Second, attending classes regularly is a way of showing respect to your teachers ,too. Your teachers will feel bad if the students do not attend their classes, which, in turn, will affect their teaching and be no good for the students. Third, attending classes regularly will help to form a good habit of punctuality, which is of great importance for the students to do a good job in the future.
Therefore, we university students should form the good habit of attending our classes regularly from now on. And some day well benefit from it.
1 引言
本标准全部或部分适用于其他科技文件，如年报、便览、备忘录等，也适用于技术档案。
2 定义
科学技术报告
科学技术报告是描述一项科学技术研究的结果或进展或一项技术研制试验和评价的结果;或是论述某项科学技术问题的现状和发展的文件。科学技术报告是为了呈送科学技术工作主管机构或科学基金会等组织或主持研究的人等。科学技术报告中一般应该提供系统的或按工作进程的充分信息，可以包括正反两方面的结果和经验，以便有关人员和读者判断和评价，以及对报告中的结论和建议提出修正意见。
学位论文
学术论文
学术论文是某一学术课题在实验性、理论性或观测性上具有新的科学研究成果或创新见解和知识的科学记录;或是某种已知原理应用于实际中取得新进展的科学总结，用以提供学术会议上宣读、交流或讨论;或在学术刊物上发表;或作其他用途的书面文件。学术论文应提供新的科技信息，其内容应有所发现、有所发明、有所创造、有所前进，而不是重复、模仿、抄袭前人的工作。
3 编写要求
报告、论文的中文稿必须用白色稿纸单面缮写或打字;外文稿必须用打字。可以用不褪色的复制本。报告、论文宜用(210mm297mm)标准大小的白纸，应便于阅读、复制和拍摄缩微制品。报告、论文在书写、打字或印刷时，要求纸的四周留足空白边缘，以便装订、复制和读者批注。每一面的上方(天头)和左侧(订口)应分别留边25mm以上，下方(地脚)和右侧(切口)应分别留边20mm以上。
The conception of green consumption has gradually become popular in China. More and more green foods are making their appearance on the market and more and more people are becoming conscious of environmental protection.
However, there still exist quite a few difficulties in the further promotion of green consumption. On the one hand, many people are still not quite clear of the advantages of green foods. On the other hand, due to high profits, many fake green foods are found in the market. Moreover, many consumers don' t want to pay extra money for green foods.
There may be several ways to solve these problems. Firstly, the government should supervise the good quality strictly to protect consumers' interests. Secondly, the conception of green consumption should be further promoted and emphasized. Thirdly, the government should work together with manufacturers to make the price more reasonable.
绿色消费的概念在中国已经逐渐成为流行。越来越多的绿色食品正在他们的市场，越来越多的人正在成为自觉保护环境的亮相。
但是，仍然存在着进一步促进绿色消费的不少困难。在一方面，很多人还是不太清楚的绿色食品的优势。在另一方面，由于利润高，不少假冒绿色食品在市场上找到。此外，许多消费者不愿支付额外的钱为绿色食品。
可以有多种方式来解决这些问题。首先，政府要监督好质量严格把关，保障消费者权益。其次，绿色消费的概念应进一步促进和强调。第三，政府应与制造商合作，以使价格更趋合理。
Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a position on the topic: Living alone or Living with Roommates? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.
Living alone or Living with Roommates
Nowadays, there has appeared a heated discussion among the college students as to whether they should live alone outside the campus or live together with other roommates in the students' dormitory. Opinions are divided over the matter. Those who are in favor of Living alone maintain that it is very convenient to live by themselves. They can enjoy absolute freedom in a room of their own. They can have their own timetable without disturbing others. They are also free to equip the room with a personal puter so that they can have easy access to the Internet. But others argue that living with roommates has attractions of its own. With several students sharing the same room, each person' s experiences can be greatly enriched. They can learn a lot from talking to one another. By learning to tolerate the differences between individuals, they can bee more mature. As far as I' m concerned, I prefer to live with roommates because I love the feeling of belonging. Besides, it is a lot cheaper to live in a dorm than to rent an apartment outside the campus.
The Beauty of Knowledge
Praise of knowledge has never come to an end since ancient times. Apparently, knowledge is a treasure that everybody volunteers to possess and much of success could be attributed to it directly or indirectly.
As far as I am concerned, the beauty of knowledge can be explained in three aspects.
Firstly, knowledge is open to all human beings. People can learn whatever they wish in one way or another. Secondly, knowledge learnt can be reflected in one's later life, so that one knows how to savor the present moment in peaceful times and how to deal with problems in difficult times. Last but not least, one of the most prominent features of knowledge is that one carries it throughout his life. Even if one loses a large fortune, he will never be a beggar if he already knows how to make money.
To sum up, knowledge is of great importance in one's lifetime. It is advisable that one should learn the beauty of knowledge and enjoy the process of learning.
知识之美
自古以来，对知识的赞美从未结束。显然，知识是每个人都自愿拥有的财富，许多成功可以直接或间接归功于它。
在我看来，知识之美可以从三个方面来解释。
首先，知识是向全人类开放的。人们可以通过这样或那样的方式学习他们想学的任何东西。其次，所学到的知识可以反映在一个人以后的生活中，这样一个人就知道如何在和平时期品味当下，如何在困难时期处理问题。最后但并非最不重要的一点是，知识最显著的特征之一是它会伴随人的一生。即使一个人失去了一大笔财富，如果他已经知道如何赚钱，他就永远不会成为乞丐。
总之，知识在一个人的一生中是非常重要的。我们应该学习知识的美，享受学习的过程。
The Craze of Pursuing Graduate Studies
Each year, millions of Chinese college students sit for qualifying examinations for graduate studies, primarily in Master' s programs. Students prepare for those examinations either through years of arduous self-education or by spending large sums of money attending local training schools. The publishing of examinations-related study materials and the training programs offered, both online and offline, have combined to form a sizable industry.
An alarming fact about this craze is that most students pursue graduate studies not out of their voluntary will. Faced with the harsh reality in the employment market, which is forever looking for graduates with higher degrees, many college graduates find going to graduate schools is a good way to avoid unemployment and to enhance one' s competitiveness in future job hunting.
However, without that voluntary initiative, most students who do enter graduate schools are not motivated. For them, the only thing that ultimately counts is the degree or the diploma which they expect could give them an upper hand against other job hunters. As to the actual substance of their graduate studies, it' s not a big deal for them, as long as it leads to that degree or diploma. It is really pathetic to see that students undertake graduate studies with an ulterior motive—not for the sake of loving what they study, but for the sake of merely landing a job, which in many cases might be unrelated to what they have studied.
The chill truth is that students soon find their anticipations are a mere dream. As so many undergraduates proceed onto graduate studies, the employment situation remains as severe as ever. Instead of bringing about apparent competitive edges, two or three years of additional academic training is simply a waste of time and energy. They need to reflect on this craze and would have been better off distinguishing themselves with outstanding knowledge and skills when they were undergraduates.
每年，数以百万计的中国大学生参加研究生入学资格考试，主要是攻读硕士学位课程。学生准备考试的那些通过数年艰辛的自学，或通过花大笔的钱参加当地培训学校。与考试相关的学习材料的出版和提供的培训课程，无论线上线下，一起构成了一个规模可观的产业。
关于这股热潮，一个触目惊心的事实是，大多数学生读研究生不出于他们自愿。面对着就业市场的严峻现实，这是永远寻找学历高的毕业生，许多大学生发现，进入研究生院去是为了避免失业和提升未来求职过程中的竞争力的一个好方法。
然而，没有主动性，大多数的学生进入研究生院没有动机。对他们来说，唯一重要的是最终的学位或文凭，他们期望相比其他求职者这能给他们一个上风。至于他们研究的实际的物质，他们觉得没有什么大不了的，只要能拿到学位或文凭。看到他们为了这样一个目的，不是热爱他们所研究的东西，而是为了找一个好工作，还不一定是跟他们专业相关的，真的觉得他们好可怜。
令人寒心的事实是，学生们很快就会发现，他们的期望是一个单纯的梦想。因为如此多的大学生走上研究生这条路，就业形势会依然严峻。而不是带来明显的竞争优势，两年或三年额外的学术训练，简直是浪费时间和精力。当他们本科生的时候，他们需要反思这股热潮，要更好的区分自己卓越的知识和技能。
(1)之课题名称
钢筋混凝土多层、多跨框架软件开发
(2)之项目研究背景
所要编写的结构程序是混凝土的框架结构的设计，建筑指各种房屋及其附属的构筑物。建筑结构是在建筑中，由若干构件，即组成结构的单元如梁、板、柱等，连接而构成的能承受作用(或称荷载)的平面或空间体系。
编写算例使用_最新出台的《混凝土结构设计规范》gb50010-xx,该规范与原混凝土结构设计规范gbj10-89相比，新增内容约占15%，有重大修订的内容约占35%，保持和基本保持原规范内容的部分约占50%，规范全面总结了原规范发布实施以来的实践经验，借鉴了国外先进标准技术。
(3)之项目研究意义
建筑中，结构是为建筑物提供安全可靠、经久耐用、节能节材、满足建筑功能的一个重要组成部分，它与建筑材料、制品、施工的工业化水平密切相关，对发展新技术。新材料，提高机械化、自动化水平有着重要的促进作用。
由于结构计算牵扯的数学公式较多，并且所涉及的规范和标准很零碎。并且计算量非常之大，近年来，随着经济进一步发展，城市人口集中、用地紧张以及商业竞争的激烈化，更加剧了房屋设计的复杂性，许多多高层建筑不断的被建造。这些建筑无论从时间上还是从劳动量上，都客观的需要计算机程序的辅助设计。这样，结构软件开发就显得尤为重要。
一栋建筑的结构设计是否合理，主要取决于结构体系、结构布置、构件的截面尺寸、材料强度等级以及主要机构构造是否合理。这些问题已经正确解决，结构计算、施工图的绘制、则是另令人辛苦的具体程序设计工作了，因此原来在学校使用的手算方法，将被运用到具体的程序代码中去，精力就不仅集中在怎样利用所学的结构知识来设计出做法，还要想到如何把这些做法用代码来实现。
(4)文献研究概况
在不同类型的结构设计中有些内容是一样的，做框架结构设计时关键是要减少漏项、减少差错，计算机也是如此的。
建筑结构设计统一标准(gbj68-84)该标准是为了合理地统一各类材料的建筑结构设计的基本原则，是制定工业与民用建筑结构荷载规范、钢结构、薄壁型钢结构、混凝土结构、砌体结构、木结构等设计规范以及地基基础和建筑抗震等设计规范应遵守的准则，这些规范均应按本标准的要求制定相应的具体规定。制定其它土木工程结构设计规范时，可参照此标准规定的原则。本标准适用于建筑物(包括一般构筑物)的整个结构，以及组成结构的构件和基础;适用于结构的使用阶段，以及结构构件的制作、运输与安装等施工阶段。本标准引进了现代结构可靠性设计理论，采用以概率理论为基础的极限状态设计方法分析确定，即将各种影响结构可靠性的因素都视为随机变量，使设计的概念和方法都建立在统计数学的基础上，并以主要根据统计分析确定的失效概率来度量结构的可靠性，属于_概率设计法_，这是设计思想上的重要演进。这也是当代国际上工程结构设计方法发展的总趋势，而我国在设计规范(或标准)中采用概率极限状态设计法是迄今为止采用最广泛的国家。
Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling
Correct spelling is a basic skill in English study. However, nowadays many students do not pay much attention to it.
They have their own reasons for misspelling. First of all, they like an easy way of studying, which causes some omissions and changes in spelling. Second, the teachers might not be very strict in students spelling. In China, teachers seem to be more concerned with grammar and vocabulary but not spelling.
To change this situation, in my opinion, the teachers and the students should work together. On one hand, the teachers should give more attention to students spelling, asking the students to be conscious of the importance of correct spelling from the very beginning of their English study. On the other hand, the students themselves are supposed to be aware that correct spelling is a must in English study.
To sum up, correct spelling is so important that both students and the teachers should spare no efforts to achieve correct spelling.
